In the evolving world of cannabis beauty, understanding shelf life and product stability is crucial—not just for manufacturers but also for consumers who want safe, effective skincare. Cannabis-infused products, from CBD serums to hemp-based balms, are complex formulations that can change over time depending on factors such as temperature, light exposure, oxygen, and microbial contamination.

While most cosmetics in the United States aren’t required to display a printed expiration date, brands determine shelf life through stability testing and good manufacturing practices. Instead of an expiration date, consumers often see the “Period After Opening” symbol (an open-jar icon labeled “6M,” “12M,” and so on), which tells them how long the product remains safe and effective after opening. This approach ensures that beauty companies remain responsible for maintaining product quality throughout the labeled period.

Cannabis-derived ingredients, particularly cannabidiol (CBD), are known to be sensitive to heat, light, and oxygen. Scientific studies have shown that CBD can degrade over time when exposed to these elements, reducing potency and altering its beneficial properties. For example, a CBD serum left in a warm environment or near direct sunlight can lose its effectiveness faster than one stored in a cool, dark place. Consumers who want to preserve their products’ integrity should store them away from heat and light, and always keep lids tightly closed.

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which appears in certain state-regulated topicals, is also affected by environmental conditions. Both cannabinoids require thoughtful packaging and storage—airtight containers and opaque bottles can help maintain their potency. Even products made only with hemp seed oil benefit from similar precautions, as oils can oxidize and lose quality if not properly stored.

Microbial stability is another critical factor. Creams, lotions, and other water-based formulas are more susceptible to contamination from repeated opening and use. Reputable cosmetic brands perform preservative-efficacy testing to ensure their products can resist microbial growth during their shelf life. Consumers can support this process by using products hygienically—washing hands before application, avoiding direct contact with the product in jars, and never adding water to thicken or extend its use.

Products that combine cannabis ingredients with over-the-counter drug claims—such as a CBD SPF day cream—are regulated differently. These products must include expiration dates supported by laboratory testing and meet FDA standards for safety and stability. Consumers can look for clear expiration labeling, storage instructions, and recent certificates of analysis (COAs) for added assurance.

Ultimately, shelf life and stability matter because they affect product performance, safety, and value. A cannabis beauty product that has degraded or expired may lose its active benefits, separate in texture, or develop an unpleasant odor—all indicators that it’s time to replace it. By storing products properly and respecting usage timelines, consumers can ensure their cannabis skincare remains fresh, potent, and effective from the first use to the last.